DEFINING THE SEMANTICS OF TENSES USING THE TERMS „BASIC“, „PROPER“, „DERIVED“, „IMPROPER“
Keywords:
present, basic/special meaning, core meaning, motivationAbstract
This paper presents an analysis of what is implied by basic and special meanings of a tense in linguistic writing today. I will use the English Present Tense to exemplify how tense is treated in descriptive grammars. It is my aim to demonstrate that latest insights in cognitive linguistics suggest that it is possible to relate all the different meanings of a tense and thus reveal unique motivation behind its semantics and pragmatics. This motivation is discovered at a level which is deeper than temporal reference. This level is referred to as the core meaning of a tense. It is my belief that potential pedagogical value of foreign language instruction based on this insight necessitates further practical study.презент
References
Биник 1991: R. Binnick, Time and the verb, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Боерс и Линдстромберг 2006: F. Boers i S. Lindstromberg, Cognitive linguistic applications in second or foreign language instruction: Rationale, proposals and evaluation, u Kristiansen, G., Archard, M., Dirven, R., & Ruiz de Mendoza Ibáñez, F.J. (Eds.) Cognitive linguistics: Current applications and future perspectives, Berlin/New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 305-355.
Гринбаум и Кверк 1990: S. Greenbaum, R. Quirk, A student’s grammar of the English language, London: Longman.
Даунинг 2002: А. Downing, P. Locke, English grammar, Oxon: Routledge.
Лангакер 2008: R. Langacker, Cognitive grammar as a basis for language instruction, u Robinson, P. i Ellis N. (ur.) Handbook of cognitive linguistics and second language acquisition. New York: Routledge, 66-88.
Лич 1971: G. Leech, Meaning and the English verb, London: Longman.
Mихелис 2006: L. Michaelis, Tense and time, u B. Aarts & A. MacMahon (eds) The Handbook of English Linguist
